Table 2 |
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|
Comparison between hospitalized pandemic influenza A (H1N1) patients with or without bacterial coinfection |
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|
Variable |
All patients n(%)/median(± IQR) N = 50 |
Bacterial coinfection n(%)/median(± IQR) |
P |
OR |
95% C1 |
|
|
Yes (n = 14) |
No (n = 36) |
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|
|
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|
Male b |
25(50) |
7(50.0) |
18(50.0) |
1.00 |
1.00 |
0.29-3.44 |
|
Age > 50 a |
5(10) |
4(28.6) |
1(2.8) |
0.02 |
14.00 |
1.40-139.81 |
|
Paediatric b |
23(46) |
7(50.0) |
16(44.4) |
0.72 |
1.25 |
0.36-4.31 |
|
Dyspnoea b |
24(48) |
7(50.0) |
17(47.2) |
0.86 |
1.12 |
0.33-3.84 |
|
Hypoxaemia a |
12(24) |
5(35.7) |
7(19.4) |
0.28 |
2.30 |
0.59-9.06 |
|
Comorbidity b |
24(48) |
10(71.4) |
14(38.9) |
0.04 |
3.93 |
1.03-15.00 |
|
Diabetes mellitus a |
5(10) |
3(21.4) |
2(5.6) |
0.13 |
4.64 |
0.68-31.44 |
|
Hypertension a |
5(10) |
3(21.4) |
2(5.6) |
0.13 |
4.64 |
0.68-31.44 |
|
Lung disease a |
11(22) |
4(28.6) |
7(19.4) |
0.48 |
1.66 |
0.40-6.88 |
|
Pregnancya |
6(12) |
1(7.1) |
5(13.9) |
0.66 |
0.48 |
0.05-4.50 |
|
Leukopenia a |
4(8) |
1(7.1) |
3(8.3) |
1 |
0.85 |
0.08-8.89 |
|
Lymphopaenia b |
31(62) |
6(42.9) |
25(69.4) |
0.08 |
0.33 |
0.09-1.18 |
|
Leukocytosis a |
12(24) |
7(50.0) |
5(13.9) |
0.02 |
6.20 |
1.51-25.41 |
|
Neutrophilia a |
13(26) |
8(57.1) |
5(13.9) |
0.004 |
8.27 |
2.00-34.16 |
|
Liver impairment a |
12(29.3) |
7(53.8) |
5(17.9) |
0.02 |
6.72 |
1.50-30.07 |
|
Renal impairment a |
4(9.5) |
3(25.0) |
1(3.3) |
0.06 |
9.67 |
O.89-104.82 |
|
Supplemental oxygen b |
22(44) |
10(71.4) |
12(33.3) |
0.02 |
5.00 |
1.30-19.30 |
|
Mechanical ventilation a |
6(12) |
3(21.4) |
3(8.3) |
0.33 |
3.00 |
0.53-17.09 |
|
ICU stay a |
9(18) |
4(28.6) |
5(13.9) |
0.25 |
2.48 |
0.56-11.07 |
|
Pneumonia b |
25(50) |
9(64.3) |
16(44.4) |
0.21 |
0.44 |
0.12-1.60 |
|
Complications a |
13(26) |
8(57.1) |
5(13.9) |
0.004 |
8.27 |
2.00-34.16 |
|
Died a |
2(4) |
2(14.3) |
0(0) |
0.07 |
0.25 |
0.15-0.41 |
|
Antibiotics on admission a |
41(82) |
14(100) |
27(75.0) |
0.05 |
1.52 |
1.22-1.89 |
|
Antibiotics pre-admission a |
8(16) |
3(21.4) |
5(13.9) |
0.67 |
1.70 |
0.35-8.28 |
|
Duration of hospitalizationc |
5(3) |
5(3.5) |
5(3.25) |
0.25 |
Non applicable |
|
|
|
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|
a Fisher's exact test; bChi-squared test; cNon-parametric Mann-Whitney test. a and b expressed as number (%); c expressed as median (± IQR) N = 50 for all patients except liver impairment n = 41 and renal impairment n = 42 |
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|
Dhanoa et al. Virology Journal 2011 8:501 doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-501 |
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