Table 1

Compounds that reduce rotavirus infectivity without cytotoxicity

Manufacturer's ID Number
Chemical Name
FW
Chemical Family
Known Functions (Select references)

Group A




TNP00130
18-β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid
470.68
Triterpene
-Antiviral activity against a number of DNA and RNA viruses [25]
-Inhibits gap junction communication





TNP00088
Abietic Acid
302.45
Diterpene
-Inhibits acute inflammation after topical or oral administration [26]
-Reduces neutrophil infiltration [26]
-Reduces COX-2 and TNF-α expression [16]
-Activates PPAR-γ in macrophages [16]





TNP00194
All-trans-Retinoic Acid
300.44
Retinoid
-Increases expression of type I interferon receptors [27]





TNP00140
α-Mangostin
410.46
Xanthone
-Used in treatment of skin infections, wounds and diarrhea in Southeast Asia [15]
-γ-Mangostin inhibits NF-κB activation and COX-2 expression [15]
-α-Mangostin preferentially inhibits growth of HL60 cells [28]
-Induces caspase-9 and -3 activation in HL60 cells [28]





Group B




TNP00307
Kinetin-9-Riboside
347.33
Phytohormone
-Cytokinin
-Antiviral activity against Tobacco Mosaic Virus [29]
-Causes a decrease in (poly rI) (poly rC) stimulated interferon response in VSV challenged mice [30]
-Reverses the effect of endotoxin-enhanced host resistance [31]





TNP00064
7,3'-Dihydroxyflavone
254.24
Flavone






TNP00050
6,7-Dimethoxyflavone
282.29
Flavone






TNP00044
8-Hydroxy-7-Methoxyflavone
268.27
Flavone

TNP00151
Genistein
270.24
Isoflavone
-Tyrosine kinase inhibitor [32]
-Down-regulates iNOS [33]
-Inhibits NF-κB activation [33]
-Inhibits COX-2 induction [33]
-Inhibits LPS induced IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α production in monocytes





TNP00227
Capsaicin
305.42
Phenylalkyl-Amine Alkaloid
-Inhibits NF-κB activation [34]
-Activates transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV-1) [35]





TNP00256
Securinine
217.26
Pseudoalkaloid
-GABA receptor antagonist
-Antibacterial activity against E. coli, Staph. aureus and Myc. smegmatis [36]
-Antimalarial activity [37]
TNP00231
Isopimaric Acid
302.46
Diterpene
-Inhibitory activity against multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus [38]
-activates large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel α-subunit [39]
TNP00292
Parthenolide
248.32
Sesquiterpene Lactone
-inhibits NFκB activation by preventing induction of IκB kinase [40]





TNP00006
Unknown
358.48


TNP00014
Unknown
388.50



Shaneyfelt et al. Virology Journal 2006 3:68   doi:10.1186/1743-422X-3-68